Zinc telluride (ZnTe), ohun elo semikondokito II-VI pataki kan, ni lilo pupọ ni wiwa infurarẹẹdi, awọn sẹẹli oorun, ati awọn ẹrọ optoelectronic. Awọn ilọsiwaju aipẹ ni nanotechnology ati kemistri alawọ ewe ti ni iṣapeye iṣelọpọ rẹ. Ni isalẹ wa awọn ilana iṣelọpọ ZnTe akọkọ lọwọlọwọ ati awọn ipilẹ bọtini, pẹlu awọn ọna ibile ati awọn ilọsiwaju ode oni:
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I. Ilana Igbejade Ibile (Akọsilẹ Taara)
1. Igbaradi Ohun elo Raw
• Zinc ti o ga julọ (Zn) ati tellurium (Te): Purity ≥99.999% (5N grade), adalu ni 1: 1 molar ratio.
• Gaasi aabo: argon ti o ga julọ (Ar) tabi nitrogen (N₂) lati ṣe idiwọ ifoyina.
2. Sisan ilana
Igbesẹ 1: Iṣagbepọ Iyọkuro Igbale
o Illa Zn ati Te lulú sinu tube quartz ki o si jade lọ si ≤10⁻³ Pa.
Eto alapapo: Ooru ni 5–10°C/min si 500–700°C, mu fun wakati 4–6.
o Idogba esi:Zn+Te→ΔZnTeZn+TeΔZnTe
• Igbesẹ 2: Annealing
Iwọ Fa ọja robi naa ni 400-500°C fun awọn wakati 2–3 lati dinku awọn abawọn lattice.
• Igbesẹ 3: Fifun ati Sieving
Lo ọlọ rogodo kan lati lọ awọn ohun elo olopobobo si iwọn patiku ti ibi-afẹde (milling boolu agbara-giga fun nanoscale).
3. Key Parameters
Ilana iṣakoso iwọn otutu: ± 5°C
Oṣuwọn itutu agbaiye: 2-5°C/min (lati yago fun awọn dojuijako aapọn gbona)
Iwọn patiku ohun elo aise: Zn (100-200 mesh), Te (200-300 mesh)
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II. Ilana Imudara ode oni (Ọna Solvothermal)
Ọna solvothermal jẹ ilana akọkọ fun iṣelọpọ nanoscale ZnTe, fifun awọn anfani bii iwọn patiku iṣakoso ati agbara agbara kekere.
1. Awọn ohun elo aise ati awọn ohun elo
• Awọn iṣaaju: Zinc nitrate (Zn (NO₃)₂) ati sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) tabi tellurium lulú (Te).
• Awọn aṣoju idinku: Hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄ · H₂O) tabi sodium borohydride (NaBH₄).
• Awọn ojutu: Ethylenediamine (EDA) tabi omi ti a ti sọ diionized (omi DI).
2. Sisan ilana
• Igbesẹ 1: Itu iṣaaju
o Tu Zn(NO₃)₂ ati Na₂TeO₃ ni ipin 1:1 molar ninu epo ti o wa labẹ fifa.
• Igbesẹ 2: Idahun Idinku
o Ṣafikun aṣoju idinku (fun apẹẹrẹ, N₂H₄ · H₂O) ki o di di ni autoclave ti o ga.
o Awọn ipo idahun:
Iwọn otutu: 180-220C
Akoko: 12-24 wakati
Ipa: Ti ipilẹṣẹ ti ara ẹni (3–5 MPa)
o Idogba esi:Zn2 ++ TeO32-+ Aṣoju Idinku → ZnTe + Awọn ọja (fun apẹẹrẹ, H₂O, N₂) Zn2 ++ TeO32-+ Aṣoju Idinku → ZnTe + Awọn ọja (fun apẹẹrẹ, H₂O, N₂)
• Igbesẹ 3: Lẹhin-itọju
o Centrifuge lati sọtọ ọja naa, wẹ awọn akoko 3-5 pẹlu ethanol ati omi DI.
o Gbẹ labẹ igbale (60–80°C fun wakati 4–6).
3. Key Parameters
• Ifojusi iṣaaju: 0.1-0.5 mol / L
• iṣakoso pH: 9-11 (awọn ipo ipilẹ ṣe ojurere esi)
• Iṣakoso iwọn patiku: Ṣatunṣe nipasẹ iru epo (fun apẹẹrẹ, EDA n ṣe awọn nanowires; alakoso olomi n mu awọn ẹwẹ titobi).
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III. Awọn ilana ilọsiwaju miiran
1. Kemikali Omi Isọsọ (CVD)
• Ohun elo: Igbaradi fiimu tinrin (fun apẹẹrẹ, awọn sẹẹli oorun).
• Awọn ipilẹṣẹ: Diethylzinc (Zn (C₂H₅)₂) ati diethyltellurium (Te (C₂H₅)₂).
• Awọn paramita:
Eyin otutu idorikodo: 350-450°C
o Gaasi ti ngbe: Adapọ H₂/Ar (oṣuwọn sisan: 50–100 sccm)
Eyin Ipa: 10⁻²–10⁻³ Torr
2. Alloying Mechanical (Ball Milling)
• Awọn ẹya ara ẹrọ: Alailowaya, iṣelọpọ iwọn otutu kekere.
• Awọn paramita:
Eyin Rogodo-to-lulú ratio: 10:1
Eyin milling akoko: 20-40 wakati
Eyin Iyara Yiyi: 300-500 rpm
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IV. Iṣakoso didara ati iwa
1. Itupalẹ ti nw: X-ray diffraction (XRD) fun apẹrẹ crystal (tente tente ni 2θ ≈25.3 °).
2. Iṣakoso ẹkọ nipa ẹkọ nipa ẹkọ-ara: Gbigbe itanna elekitironi (TEM) fun iwọn nanoparticle (aṣoju: 10-50 nm).
3. Ipin Elemental: Agbara-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) tabi inductively pelu pilasima mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) lati jẹrisi Zn ≈1: 1.
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V. Aabo ati Awọn ero Ayika
1. Itọju gaasi egbin: Fa H₂Te pẹlu awọn ojutu ipilẹ (fun apẹẹrẹ, NaOH).
2. Imularada imularada: Atunlo awọn nkan ti ara ẹni (fun apẹẹrẹ, EDA) nipasẹ distillation.
3. Awọn ọna aabo: Lo awọn iboju iparada (fun aabo H₂Te) ati awọn ibọwọ sooro ipata.
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VI. Awọn aṣa imọ-ẹrọ
• Alawọ ewe kolaginni: Dagbasoke olomi-alakoso awọn ọna šiše lati din Organic epo lilo.
• Iyipada doping: Mu ilọsiwaju ṣiṣẹ nipasẹ doping pẹlu Cu, Ag, ati bẹbẹ lọ.
• Ṣiṣejade iwọn-nla: Gba awọn reactors lilọsiwaju-sisan lati ṣaṣeyọri awọn ipele iwọn-kg.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Mar-21-2025