Isọdi mimọ ti selenium mimọ-giga (≥99.999%) pẹlu apapọ awọn ọna ti ara ati kemikali lati yọ awọn aimọ bii Te, Pb, Fe, ati Bi. Awọn atẹle jẹ awọn ilana pataki ati awọn paramita:
1. Igbale Distillation
Sisan ilana:
1. Gbe selenium robi (≥99.9%) ni kuotisi crucible laarin ileru distillation igbale.
2. Ooru si 300-500 ° C labẹ igbale (1-100 Pa) fun awọn iṣẹju 60-180.
3. Selenium vapor condenses ni ipele meji-ipele condenser (ipele kekere pẹlu awọn patikulu Pb / Cu, ipele oke fun gbigba selenium).
4. Gba selenium lati inu condenser oke;
Awọn paramita:
- Iwọn otutu: 300-500 ° C
- Titẹ: 1-100 Pa
- Ohun elo condenser: kuotisi tabi irin alagbara.
2. Kemikali ìwẹnumọ + Igbale Distillation
Sisan ilana:
1. Oxidation ijona: Fesi selenium robi (99.9%) pẹlu O₂ ni 500 ° C lati dagba SeO₂ ati TeO₂ gaasi.
2. Iyọkuro Iyọ: Tu SeO₂ sinu ojutu omi ethanol, ṣe àlẹmọ jade TeO₂ precipitate.
3. Idinku: Lo hydrazine (N₂H₄) lati dinku SeO₂ si selenium akọkọ.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium lẹẹkansi si SeO₄²⁻, lẹhinna jade Te nipa lilo isediwon epo.
5. Ipari Vacuum Distillation: Ṣe mimọ selenium ni 300-500 ° C ati 1-100 Pa lati ṣe aṣeyọri 6N (99.9999%) mimọ.
Awọn paramita:
- Oxidation otutu: 500°C
- iwọn lilo Hydrazine: Pupọ lati rii daju idinku pipe.
3. Electrolytic ìwẹnumọ
Sisan ilana:
1. Lo elekitiroli kan (fun apẹẹrẹ, acid selenous) pẹlu iwuwo lọwọlọwọ ti 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium idogo lori cathode, nigba ti selenium oxides volatilize ni anode.
Awọn paramita:
- iwuwo lọwọlọwọ: 5-10 A/dm²
Electrolyte: Selenous acid tabi ojutu selenate.
4. Isediwon epo
Sisan ilana:
1. Jade Se⁴⁺ lati ojutu nipa lilo TBP (tributyl fosifeti) tabi TOA (trioctylamine) ni hydrochloric tabi sulfuric acid media.
2. Rin ati precipitate selenium, lẹhinna recrystallize.
Awọn paramita:
- Iyọkuro: TBP (alabọde HCl) tabi TOA (H₂SO₄ alabọde)
- Nọmba ti awọn ipele: 2-3.
5. Agbegbe yo
Sisan ilana:
1. Leralera agbegbe-yo awọn ingots selenium lati yọ awọn idoti itọpa kuro.
2. Dara fun iyọrisi> 5N mimọ lati awọn ohun elo ibẹrẹ ti o ga julọ.
Akiyesi: Nilo ohun elo amọja ati pe o jẹ agbara-agbara.
Iṣiro Aba
Fun itọkasi wiwo, tọka si awọn isiro wọnyi lati inu iwe-iwe:
- Eto Distillation Vacuum: Sikematiki ti eto condenser ipele-meji.
- Aworan atọka Ipele Se-Te: Ṣe apejuwe awọn italaya ipinya nitori awọn aaye sisun ti o sunmọ.
Awọn itọkasi
- Distillation igbale ati awọn ọna kemikali:
- Electrolytic ati isediwon epo:
- Awọn imuposi ilọsiwaju ati awọn italaya:
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Mar-21-2025