Ho hloekisoa ha selenium ea bohloeki bo phahameng (≥99.999%) ho kenyelletsa motsoako oa mekhoa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale ho tlosa litšila tse kang Te, Pb, Fe, le As. Tse latelang ke lits'ebetso le liparamente tsa bohlokoa:
1. Vacuum Distillation
Phallo ea Ts'ebetso:
1. Beha selenium e tala (≥99.9%) ka har'a crucible ea quartz ka har'a sebōpi sa vacuum distillation.
2. Chesa ho 300-500 ° C tlas'a vacuum (1-100 Pa) bakeng sa metsotso ea 60-180.
3. Selenium vapor condenses ka condenser ea mekhahlelo e 'meli (sethaleng se ka tlaase se nang le likaroloana tsa Pb / Cu, sethala se ka holimo bakeng sa pokello ea selenium).
4. Bokella selenium ho tloha condenser e ka holimo;碲(Te) le litšila tse ling tse belang haholo li ntse li le boemong bo tlaase.
Litlhophiso:
- Mocheso: 300-500 ° C
- Khatello: 1-100 Pa
- Lisebelisoa tsa Condenser: Quartz kapa tšepe e sa hloekang.
2. Ho Hloekisa Lik'hemik'hale + Vacuum Distillation
Phallo ea Ts'ebetso:
1. Oxidation Combustion: React crude selenium (99.9%) le O₂ ho 500 ° C ho theha likhase tsa SeO₂ le TeO₂.
2. Solvent Extraction: Hlakola SeO₂ ka har'a motsoako oa metsi a ethanol, hloekisa metsi a TeO₂.
3. Phokotso: Sebelisa hydrazine (N₂H₄) ho fokotsa SeO₂ ho elemental selenium.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium hape ho SeO₄²⁻, ebe u ntša Te u sebelisa motsoako oa solvent.
5. Phepo ea ho qetela ea Vacuum: Hloekisa selenium ho 300-500 ° C le 1-100 Pa ho finyella bohloeki ba 6N (99.9999%).
Litlhophiso:
- Mocheso oa oxidation: 500°C
- Tekanyetso ea Hydrazine: Ho feta tekano ho netefatsa phokotso e felletseng.
3. Tlhoekiso ea Electrolytic
Phallo ea Ts'ebetso:
1. Sebelisa electrolyte (mohlala, selenous acid) e nang le boima ba hona joale ba 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium e kenya ka har'a cathode, ha selenium oxides e fetoha mokelikeli ho anode.
Litlhophiso:
- Boima ba hajoale: 5-10 A/dm²
- Electrolyte: Selenous acid kapa selenate tharollo.
4. Ho ntšoa ha Solvent
Phallo ea Ts'ebetso:
1. Ntša Se⁴⁺ ho tsoa mothapong o sebelisa TBP (tributyl phosphate) kapa TOA (trioctylamine) ho hydrochloric kapa sulfuric acid media.
2. Hlobola 'me u theole selenium, ebe u tsosolosa.
Litlhophiso:
- E ntšitsoeng: TBP (HCl medium) kapa TOA (H₂SO₄ medium)
- Palo ea mekhahlelo: 2-3 .
5. Ho qhibiliha ha Libaka
Phallo ea Ts'ebetso:
1. Khafetsa zone-mellt selenium ingots ho tlosa litšila.
2. E loketse ho finyella> bohloeki ba 5N ho tloha ho lisebelisoa tse qalang tsa bohloeki bo phahameng.
Tlhokomeliso: E hloka lisebelisoa tse khethehileng 'me e sebelisa matla haholo.
Tlhahiso ea setšoantšo
Bakeng sa litšupiso tsa pono, sheba lipalo tse latelang ho tsoa lingoliloeng:
- Setupo sa Vacuum Distillation: Sekema sa sistimi ea methati e 'meli ea condenser.
- Sets'oants'o sa Phase ea Se-Te: E bonts'a liphephetso tsa karohano ka lebaka la lintlha tse belang tse haufi.
Litšupiso
- Vacuum distillation le mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale:
- Electrolytic le solvent extract:
- Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele le liphephetso:
Nako ea poso: Mar-21-2025