Zinc telluride (ZnTe), oo ah walxaha muhiimka ah ee II-VI semiconductor, ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa ogaanshaha infrared, unugyada qorraxda, iyo aaladaha indhaha. Horumarkii u dambeeyay ee nanotechnology iyo chemistry-ga cagaaran ayaa hagaajiyay wax soo saarkeeda. Hoos waxaa ku yaal hababka wax soo saarka ee ZnTe caadiga ah iyo xuduudaha muhiimka ah, oo ay ku jiraan hababka dhaqanka iyo hagaajinta casriga ah:
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I. Habka Wax-soo-saarka Dhaqanka (Habka Tooska ah)
1. Diyaarinta Qalabka Ceyriinka
Zinc (Zn) saafi-sare leh iyo tellurium (Te): daahirnimo ≥99.999% (darajada 5N), oo lagu qasay saamiga 1:1 molar.
• Gaaska difaaca: argon (Ar) ama nitrogen (N₂) oo nadiif ah oo sarreeya si looga hortago oksaydhka.
2. Geedi socodka socodka
Tillaabada 1: Isku-dhafka Dhallaanka Vacuum
o Ku qas budada Zn iyo Te tubbada quartz oo u daadgureyso ≤10⁻³ Pa.
o Barnaamijka kuleylka: Kuleyl 5-10 ° C/daqiiqo ilaa 500-700 ° C, qabo 4-6 saacadood.
o Isla'egta falcelinta:Zn+Te→ΔZnTeZn+TeΔZnTe
Tillaabada 2: Annealing
o Nadiifi badeecada ceyriinka ah 400-500°C 2-3 saacadood si loo yareeyo cilladaha dabada.
Tillaabada 3: Burburinta iyo Wareejinta
o Isticmaal kubbadda wax lagu shubo si aad ugu shiiddo walxaha badan ilaa cabbirka walxaha la beegsanayo (kubbada tamarta sareeysa ee wax lagu shiido ee nanoscale).
3. Halbeegyada Furaha
• Saxnaanta xakamaynta heerkulka: ± 5°C
• Heerka qaboojinta: 2-5°C/daqiiqo (si looga fogaado dildilaaca kulaylka)
• Cabbirka walxaha cayriin: Zn (100-200 mesh), Te (200-300 mesh)
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II. Habka La Hagaajiyay ee Casriga ah (Habka Solvothermal)
Habka solvothermal waa farsamada caadiga ah ee soo saarista nanoscale ZnTe, oo bixisa faa'iidooyin sida cabbirka walxaha la xakameyn karo iyo isticmaalka tamarta hoose.
1. Qalab Ceyriin iyo Qalab
• Horudhac: Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) iyo sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) ama budada tellurium (Te).
• Waxyaalaha yareeya: Hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O) ama sodium borohydride (NaBH₄).
• Xalalka: Ethylenediamine (EDA) ama biyo deionized (biyo DI).
2. Geedi socodka socodka
• Talaabada 1: Kala Diridda Horudhac
o Ku mil Zn(NO₃)₂ iyo Na₂TeO₃ 1:1 saamiga molar ee dareeraha hoostiisa.
• Tallaabada 2: Falcelinta Dhimista
o Ku dar wakiilka yareeya (tusaale, N₂H₄·H₂O) oo ku xidh cadaadis sare oo autoclave ah.
o Xaaladaha falcelinta:
Heerkulka: 180-220C
Waqtiga: 12-24 saacadood
Cadaadis: Iskiis u dhashay (3-5 MPa)
o Isla'egta falcelinta:Zn2++TeO32−+Wakiilka yaraynta →ZnTe+Badeecadaha (tusaale, H₂O, N₂)Zn2++TeO32−+Wakiilka yaraynta →ZnTe+Byproducts (tusaale, H₂O, N₂)
Tallaabo 3: daawaynta ka dib
o Centrifuge si aad u go'doomiso alaabta, ku dhaq 3-5 jeer ethanol iyo biyo DI ah.
o Ku qallaji faakuum hoostiisa (60-80 ° C ilaa 4-6 saacadood).
3. Halbeegyada Furaha
• Diiradda hore: 0.1-0.5 mol/L
Xakamaynta pH: 9-11 (xaaladaha alkaliinka ah ayaa doorbidaya falcelinta)
Xakamaynta cabbirka walxaha: Ku hagaaji nooca dareeraha (tusaale, EDA waxay soo saartaa nanowires; wejiga aqueous wuxuu keenaa nanoparticles).
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III. Hababka kale ee Horumarineed
1. Kaydinta Uumiga Kiimikada (CVD)
Codsiga: Diyaarinta filim khafiif ah (tusaale, unugyada qorraxda).
• Horudhac: Diethylzinc (Zn(C₂H₅)₂) iyo diethyltellurium (Te(C₂H₅)₂).
• Halbeegyada:
o Heerkulka meel dhigista: 350-450°C
o Gaaska qaada: H₂/Ar isku darka (heerka socodka: 50-100 sccm)
o Cadaadiska: 10⁻²–10⁻³ Torr
2. Qalabaynta Farsamada (Ball Milling)
• Astaamaha: Isku-dubarid aan dareere lahayn, heerkul hoose.
• Halbeegyada:
o Saamiga kubbad-ilaa-budada: 10:1
o Waqtiga wax lagu shubo: 20-40 saacadood
o Xawaaraha wareeg: 300-500 rpm
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IV. Xakamaynta tayada iyo sifada
1. Falanqaynta saafiga ah: Kala-duwanaanta raajada (XRD) ee qaabka crystal (ugu sarreeya ee 2θ ≈25.3 °).
2. Xakamaynta morphology: Gudbinta mikroskoobyada elektarooniga ah (TEM) ee cabbirka nanoparticle (caadi: 10-50 nm).
3. Saamiga Elemental: Tamar-kala firdhiyaa raajada spectroscopy (EDS) ama inductively-lammaanad balasmaha mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) si loo xaqiijiyo Zn ≈1:1.
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V. Badbaadada iyo tixgelinta deegaanka
1. Daawaynta gaaska qashinka: Ku nuugi H₂Te xalalka alkaline (tusaale, NaOH).
2. Soo kabashada xalinta: Dib u warshadaynta dareerayaasha organic-ga ah (tusaale, EDA) iyada oo la nadiifinayo.
3. Tallaabooyinka ilaalinta: Isticmaal waji-xidhka gaaska (ilaalinta H₂Te) iyo galoofyada u adkaysta daxalka.
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VI. Isbeddellada Farsamada
• Isku-dhafka cagaaran: Samee habab-weji-biyood si loo yareeyo isticmaalka dareeraha organic.
• Wax ka beddelka wax-ka-beddelka: Kobcinta dhaqdhaqaaqa adigoo isticmaalaya Cu, Ag, iwm.
• Wax-soo-saarka baaxadda leh: Samee reactors-socodka joogtada ah si aad u gaadho dufcadaha cabbirka kg.
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-21-2025