Nadiifinta selenium-ka saafiga ah (≥99.999%) waxay ku lug leedahay isku darka habab jidheed iyo kiimiko si looga saaro wasakhda sida Te, Pb, Fe, iyo As. Kuwa soo socda waa habraacyo iyo cabbirro muhiim ah:
1. Vacuum Distillation
Habka Socodka:
1. Ku rid selenium ceyriin (≥99.9%) meel quartz ah oo ku dhex jira foornada nadiifinta faakuumka.
2. Kuleyl ilaa 300-500C faakuum hoostiisa (1-100 Pa) 60-180 daqiiqo.
3. Uumiga Selenium wuxuu isku ururiyaa kondener laba heer ah (marxaladda hoose oo leh qaybaha Pb/C, heerka sare ee ururinta selenium).
4. Ka soo ururi selenium koojiyeyaasha sare; 碲(Te) iyo wasakhda kale ee karkarinaysa waxay ku sii jiraan heerka hoose.
Qiyaasta:
- Heerkulka: 300-500C
- Cadaadis: 1-100 Pa
- Walxaha qaboojiyaha: Quartz ama birta aan la taaban karin.
2. Sifaynta Kiimikada + Distillation Vakuum
Habka Socodka:
1. Gubashada Oxidation: Ka fal celi selenium cayriin (99.9%) O₂ at 500°C si aad u samayso gaasaska SeO₂ iyo TeO₂
2. Soo saarista Aaladda: Ku milmi SeO₂ xal ethanol-biyaha ah, ka shaandhayso roobka TeO₂
3. Dhimista: Isticmaal hydrazine (N₂H₄) si aad u yarayso SeO₂ ilaa selenium elemental.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium mar kale SeO₄²⁻, ka dibna soo saar Te adigoo isticmaalaya soo saarista dareeraha.
5. Faafinta ugu danbeysa: Ku nadiifi selenium at 300-500 ° C iyo 1-100 Pa si aad u gaarto 6N (99.9999%) daahirnimo.
Qiyaasta:
- Heerkulka oksaydhisku: 500°C
- Qiyaasta Hydrazine: xad dhaaf si loo hubiyo dhimista dhammaystiran.
3. Nadiifinta Electrolytic
Habka Socodka:
1. Isticmaal korontoleyt (tusaale, aashitada selenous) cufnaanta hadda ah 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium waxay ku shubtaa cathode-ka, halka oksijiinta selenium ay isbedesho anode-ka.
Qiyaasta:
- Cufnaanta hadda: 5-10 A/dm²
- Electrolyte: Selenous acid ama xal selenate ah.
4. Soo saarista dareeraha
Habka Socodka:
1. Ka saar Se⁴⁺ xalka adoo isticmaalaya TBP (tributyl phosphate) ama TOA (trioctylamine) ee hydrochloric ama sulfuric acid.
2. Farooji oo soo daadi selenium, ka dibna recystallize.
Qiyaasta:
Soo saarista: TBP (HCl dhexdhexaad ah) ama TOA (H₂SO₄ dhexdhexaad ah)
- Tirada marxaladaha: 2-3.
5. Aaga dhalaalaysa
Habka Socodka:
1. Si isdaba joog ah u dhalaalaysa selenium ingots si ay meesha uga saarto wasakhowga.
2. Ku habboon gaaritaanka> 5N nadiifinta alaabta bilawga ah ee nadiifka ah.
Fiiro gaar ah: Wuxuu u baahan yahay qalab gaar ah oo tamar-badane .
Soo jeedinta sawirka
Tixraac muuqaal ah, tixraac tirooyinka soo socda ee suugaanta:
- Dejinta Distillation Vacuum: Qaabka nidaamka kondenser-ka laba-heer ah.
Jaantuska Wajiga Se-Te: Wuxuu muujiyaa caqabadaha kala soocida iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay dhibcaha karkarinta ee dhow.
Tixraacyo
- nadiifinta faakuumka iyo hababka kiimikada:
- Soo saarista Electrolytic iyo dareeraha:
- Farsamooyinka sare iyo caqabadaha:
Waqtiga boostada: Mar-21-2025