Kucheneswa kwepamusoro-kuchena selenium (≥99.999%) kunosanganisira kusanganiswa kwemaitiro emuviri nemakemikari ekubvisa tsvina yakadai seTe, Pb, Fe, uye As. Izvi zvinotevera maitiro akakosha uye parameters:
1. Vacuum Distillation
Process Flow:
1. Isa crude selenium (≥99.9%) mu quartz crucible mukati me vacuum distillation vira.
2. Kupisa kusvika 300-500 ° C pasi pevacuum (1-100 Pa) kwemaminitsi 60-180.
3. Selenium vapor condenses mune maviri-stage condenser (yakaderera nhanho ine Pb / Cu particles, danho repamusoro rekuunganidza selenium).
4. Unganidza selenium kubva kumusoro-condenser;碲(Te) uye humwe hutsvina hunofashaira hunoramba huri muchikamu chepasi.
Parameters:
- Tembiricha: 300-500 ° C
- Kudzvinyirira: 1-100 Pa
- Condenser zvinhu: Quartz kana simbi isina tsvina.
2. Kucheneswa kweKemikari + Vacuum Distillation
Process Flow:
1. Oxidation Combustion: React crude selenium (99.9%) neO₂ pa500 ° C kuti iite SeO₂ uye TeO₂ magasi.
2. Solvent Extraction: Dissolve SeO₂ mune ethanol-water solution, sefa kunze kweTeO₂ precipitate.
3. Kuderedza: Shandisa hydrazine (N₂H₄) kuderedza SeO₂ kune elemental selenium.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium zvakare kuSeO₄²⁻, wobva wabvisa Te uchishandisa solvent.
5. Final Vacuum Distillation: Chenesa selenium pa 300-500 ° C uye 1-100 Pa kuti uwane 6N (99.9999%) kuchena.
Parameters:
- Oxidation tembiricha: 500°C
-Hydrazine dosage: Yakawandisa kuve nechokwadi kuderedzwa kwakakwana.
3. Electrolytic Purification
Process Flow:
1. Shandisa electrolyte (semuenzaniso, selenous acid) ine density iripo ye5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium inoisa pane cathode, ukuwo selenium okisidhi inoputika paanode.
Parameters:
- Yazvino density: 5-10 A/dm²
Electrolyte: Selenous asidhi kana selenate mhinduro.
4. Solvent Extraction
Process Flow:
1. Bvisa Se⁴⁺ kubva mumushonga uchishandisa TBP (tributyl phosphate) kana TOA (trioctylamine) muhydrochloric kana sulfuric acid media.
2. Bvura uye precipitate selenium, wobva wadzokorora.
Parameters:
-Kuwedzera: TBP (HCl yepakati) kana TOA (H₂SO₄ yepakati)
- Nhamba yematanho: 2-3 .
5. Zone Melting
Process Flow:
1. Kakawanda zone-melt selenium ingots kubvisa trace tsvina.
2. Inokodzera kuwana > 5N kuchena kubva kune yakakwirira-kuchena kutanga zvinhu.
Ongorora: Inoda hunyanzvi hwekushandisa uye ine simba-yakawanda.
Figure Suggestion
Kuti utarise zvinoonekwa, tarisa kune zvinotevera manhamba kubva mumabhuku:
- Vacuum Distillation Setup: Schematic yeaviri-nhanho condenser system.
-Se-Te Phase Dhiagiramu: Inoratidza matambudziko ekuparadzanisa nekuda kwekuvhara mapoinzi ekuvira.
References
- Vacuum distillation uye nzira dzemakemikari:
- Electrolytic uye solvent kubviswa:
-Matekiniki epamberi nematambudziko:
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-21-2025