Nhicha nke selenium dị ọcha (≥99.999%) gụnyere ngwakọta nke usoro anụ ahụ na nke kemịkal iji wepụ adịghị ọcha dị ka Te, Pb, Fe, na As. Ndị a bụ isi usoro na parameters:
1. Vacuum distillation
Usoro usoro:
1. Debe selenium crude (≥99.9%) na quartz crucible n'ime ọkụ distillation agụụ.
2. Kpoo ọkụ ruo 300-500 ° C n'okpuru oghere (1-100 Pa) maka 60-180 nkeji.
3. Selenium vapor condenses na condenser nke abụọ (ogbo ala na Pb / Cu particles, ọkwa dị elu maka nchịkọta selenium).
4. Na-anakọta selenium site na condenser nke elu;
Oke:
- Okpomọkụ: 300-500C
- Nrụgide: 1-100 Pa
- Ihe condenser: quartz ma ọ bụ igwe anaghị agba nchara.
2. Chemical Ọcha + Vacuum Distillation
Usoro usoro:
1. Oxidation combustion: meghachi omume crude selenium (99.9%) na O₂ na 500 ° C na-emepụta SeO₂ na TeO₂ gas.
2. Mwepụta ihe mgbaze: Gbarie SeO₂ n'ime mmiri ethanol-mmiri, kpochapụ TeO₂ precipitate.
3. Mbelata: Jiri hydrazine (N₂H₄) iji belata SeO₂ na elemental selenium.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium ọzọ na SeO₄²⁻, wee wepụ Te iji mgbaze mmịpụta.
5. Ngwunye Vacuum ikpeazụ: Mee ka selenium dị ọcha na 300-500 ° C na 1-100 Pa iji nweta 6N (99.9999%) ịdị ọcha.
Oke:
- Okpomọkụ ikuku: 500C
- Hydrazine onunu ogwu: ngafe iji hụ na mbelata zuru oke.
3. Electrolytic dị ọcha
Usoro usoro:
1. Jiri electrolyte (dịka ọmụmaatụ, selenous acid) nwere njupụta ugbu a nke 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium na-etinye na cathode, ebe selenium oxides na-agbanwe na anode.
Oke:
- Njupụta ugbu a: 5-10 A/dm²
Electrolyte: Selenous acid ma ọ bụ ngwọta selenate.
4. Ihe mgbaze
Usoro usoro:
1. Wepụ Se⁴⁺ na ngwọta site na iji TBP (tributyl phosphate) ma ọ bụ TOA (trioctylamine) na hydrochloric ma ọ bụ sulfuric acid media.
2. Wepu ma kpochaa selenium, wee recrystalize.
Oke:
- Ihe na-ewepụta: TBP (HCl ọkara) ma ọ bụ TOA (H₂SO₄ ọkara)
- Ọnụọgụ nke usoro: 2-3 .
5. Mpaghara agbaze
Usoro usoro:
1. Ugboro ugboro mpaghara-agbaze selenium ingots iji wepụ ihe adịghị ọcha.
2. Kwesịrị ekwesị maka ịnweta> 5N dị ọcha site na ihe mmalite dị elu dị elu.
Mara: Na-achọ akụrụngwa pụrụ iche ma na-agbasi ike ike.
Ntụnye onyonyo
Maka ntụaka anya, rụtụ aka na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a sitere na akwụkwọ:
- Ntọlite Vacuum Distillation: Nhazi nke sistemu condenser nke okpukpu abụọ.
- Se-Te Phase Eserese: Na-egosipụta ihe ịma aka nkewa n'ihi isi ihe na-esi ísì.
Ntụaka
- Vacuum distillation na usoro kemịkalụ:
- Electrolytic na ihe mgbaze:
- Usoro dị elu na ihe ịma aka:
Oge nzipu: Mar-21-2025