Zinc telluride (ZnTe), ib qho tseem ceeb II-VI semiconductor khoom, yog dav siv nyob rau hauv infrared detection, solar cells, thiab optoelectronic li. Tsis ntev los no kev nce qib hauv nanotechnology thiab ntsuab chemistry tau ua kom zoo dua nws cov khoom. Hauv qab no yog cov txheej txheem ZnTe ntau lawm tam sim no thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, suav nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj thiab kev txhim kho niaj hnub:
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I. Txheej txheem ntau lawm (Direct Synthesis)
1. Kev npaj cov khoom nyoos
• High-purity zinc (Zn) thiab tellurium (Te): Purity ≥99.999% (5N qib), sib tov nyob rau hauv 1: 1 molar ratio.
• Tiv thaiv roj: High-purity argon (Ar) los yog nitrogen (N₂) tiv thaiv oxidation.
2. txheej txheem ntws
• Kauj Ruam 1: Nqus Melting Synthesis
o Sib tov Zn thiab Te hmoov rau hauv lub raj quartz thiab khiav mus rau ≤10⁻³ Pa.
o Cov kev pab cuam cua sov: Kub ntawm 5-10 ° C / min rau 500-700 ° C, tuav rau 4-6 teev.
o Reaction equation: Zn+Te →ZnTeZn+TeΔZnTe
• Kauj Ruam 2: Nthuav tawm
o Tshem tawm cov khoom nyoos ntawm 400-500 ° C rau 2-3 teev kom txo tau cov kab lattice.
• Kauj Ruam 3: Crushing thiab Sieving
o Siv lub pob zeb los zom cov khoom siv ntau rau lub hom phiaj particle loj (lub zog loj pob milling rau nanoscale).
3. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
• Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: ± 5 ° C
• Txias tus nqi: 2–5 ° C / min (kom tsis txhob muaj thermal stress cracks)
• Raw khoom particle loj: Zn (100–200 mesh), Te (200–300 mesh)
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II. Txheej txheem niaj hnub txhim kho (Solvothermal Method)
Cov txheej txheem solvothermal yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov nanoscale ZnTe, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li kev tswj tau qhov loj me thiab kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg.
1. Raw Materials thiab Solvents
• Precursors: Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) thiab sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) los yog tellurium hmoov (Te).
• Cov tshuaj txo qis: Hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O) lossis sodium borohydride (NaBH₄).
• Cov kuab tshuaj: Ethylenediamine (EDA) lossis dej deionized (DI dej).
2. txheej txheem ntws
• Kauj Ruam 1: Precursor Dissolution
o Dissolve Zn(NO₃)₂ thiab Na₂TeO₃ nyob rau hauv ib tug 1: 1 molar ratio nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj nyob rau hauv stirring.
• Kauj Ruam 2: Txo qhov tshwm sim
o Ntxiv cov tshuaj txo qis (piv txwv li, N₂H₄·H₂O) thiab muab khi rau hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob siab.
o Cov kev mob tshwm sim:
Qhov kub thiab txias: 180-220 ° C
Lub Sij Hawm: 12-24 teev
Siab: Tus kheej tsim (3-5 MPa)
o Reaction equation: Zn2++TeO32−+Reduction agent →ZnTe+Byproducts (eg, H₂O, N₂)Zn2++TeO32−+Reduction agent →ZnTe+Byproducts (eg, H₂O, N₂)
• Kauj Ruam 3: Kev kho mob tom qab
o Centrifuge cais cov khoom, ntxuav 3-5 zaug nrog ethanol thiab DI dej.
o Qhuav hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev (60-80 ° C rau 4-6 teev).
3. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb
• Precursor concentration: 0.1–0.5 mol/L
• tswj pH: 9–11 (alkaline tej yam kev mob nyiam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv)
• Particle loj tswj: Kho los ntawm hnyav hom (xws li, EDA yields nanowires; aqueous theem yields nanoparticles).
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III. Lwm cov txheej txheem Advanced
1. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
• Daim Ntawv Thov: Kev npaj ua zaj duab xis nyias (xws li lub hnub ci hlwb).
• Precursors: Diethylzinc (Zn(C₂H₅)₂) thiab diethyltellurium (Te(C₂H₅)₂).
• Parameters:
o Deposition kub: 350-450 ° C
o Carrier gas: H₂ / Ar sib tov (Flow rate: 50–100 sccm)
o Siab: 10⁻²–10⁻³ Torr
2. Mechanical Alloying (Pob Milling)
• Nta: Solvent-free, low-temperature synthesis.
• Parameters:
o Pob-rau-hmoov piv: 10: 1
o Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm: 20-40 teev
o Kev sib hloov ceev: 300-500 rpm
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IV. Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo
1. Purity tsom xam: X-ray diffraction (XRD) rau cov qauv siv lead ua (lub ntsiab ncov ntawm 2θ ≈25.3°).
2. Morphology tswj: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) rau nanoparticle loj (ib txwm: 10–50 nm).
3. Elemental ratio: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) los yog inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) kom paub meej Zn ≈1:1.
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V. Kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb thiab ib puag ncig
1. Kev kho cov roj khib nyiab: nqus H₂Te nrog cov tshuaj alkaline (xws li NaOH).
2. Cov kuab tshuaj rov qab: Rov ua dua cov kuab tshuaj organic (piv txwv li, EDA) ntawm distillation.
3. Kev tiv thaiv: Siv lub npog ntsej muag roj (rau H₂Te tiv thaiv) thiab hnab looj tes tiv thaiv corrosion.
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VI. Kev Txawj Ntse
• Green synthesis: Tsim cov txheej txheem aqueous-theem kom txo cov kev siv cov kuab tshuaj organic.
• Doping hloov kho: Txhim kho conductivity los ntawm doping nrog Cu, Ag, thiab lwm yam.
• Kev tsim khoom loj: Txais cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tas mus li kom ua tiav kg-scale batch.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Mar-21-2025