ʻO Zinc telluride (ZnTe), kahi mea koʻikoʻi II-VI semiconductor mea, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻike infrared, nā pūnaewele lā, a me nā mea optoelectronic. ʻO nā holomua hou i ka nanotechnology a me ka kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo ua hoʻonui i kāna hana. Aia ma lalo iho nā kaʻina hana hana ZnTe a me nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi, me nā hana kuʻuna a me nā hoʻomaikaʻi hou.
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I. Ka Hana Hana Kuʻuna (Direct Synthesis)
1. Hoʻomākaukau Mea Maka
• ʻO ka zinc maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (Zn) a me tellurium (Te): Maʻemaʻe ≥99.999% (5N grade), i hui pū ʻia me ka ratio molar 1:1.
• Ke kinoea pale: Argon maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (Ar) a i ʻole nitrogen (N₂) no ka pale ʻana i ka oxidation.
2. Ke Kaʻina Hana
• KaʻAnuʻu 1: Vacuum Melting Synthesis
o Hoʻohui i nā pauka Zn a me Te i loko o kahi paipu quartz a hoʻokuʻu i ≤10⁻³ Pa.
o Papahana hoʻomehana: Wela ma 5–10°C/min a 500–700°C, paʻa no 4–6 hola.
o Ka hoohalike ana:Zn+Te→ΔZnTeZn+TeΔZnTe
• KaʻAnuʻu 2: Annealing
o E hoʻopili i ka huahana maʻemaʻe ma 400–500°C no 2-3 mau hola e hōʻemi i nā hemahema o ka lattice.
• KaʻAnuʻu 3: Kaʻiʻana a me ka kānana
o E hoohana i ka wili poepoe e wili ai i ka mea nui a hiki i ka nui o na mea i kuia (ka wili poepoe ikaika no ka nanoscale).
3. Nā Kūlana Kiʻi
• Ka hoomalu ana i ka pono: ±5°C
• Ka helu hoʻoluʻu: 2–5°C/min (e pale i nā māwae koʻikoʻi wela)
• Ka nui o nā mea maka: Zn (100–200 mesh), Te (200–300 mesh)
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II. ʻO ke kaʻina hana i hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia (Solvothermal Method)
ʻO ke ʻano solvothermal ka ʻenehana kumu nui no ka hana ʻana i ka nanoscale ZnTe, e hāʻawi ana i nā pono e like me ka nui o ka mea hiki ke kāohi a me ka hoʻohana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
1. Mea Maka a me na mea hoohehee
• Nā mea mua: Zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) a me ka sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) a i ʻole tellurium pauka (Te).
• Nā mea ho'ēmi: Hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O) aiʻole ka sodium borohydride (NaBH₄).
• Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe: Ethylenediamine (EDA) a i ʻole wai deionized (wai DI).
2. Ke Kaʻina Hana
• KaʻAnuʻu 1: Precursor Dissolution
o E hoʻoheheʻe iā Zn(NO₃)₂ a me Na₂TeO₃ i loko o ka ratio mola 1:1 i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ma lalo o ka hoʻoulu ʻana.
• KaʻAnuʻu 2: Reduction Reaction
o Hoʻohui i ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa (e laʻa, N₂H₄·H₂O) a sila i loko o kahi autoclave kaomi kiʻekiʻe.
o Nā kūlana pane:
Ka wela: 180–220°C
Manawa: 12–24 hola
Pumi: Hana iho (3-5 MPa)
o Ka hoʻohālikelike pane:Zn2++TeO32−+Reducing agent→ZnTe+Byproducts (eg, H₂O, N₂)Zn2++TeO32−+Reducing agent→ZnTe+Byproducts (eg, H₂O, N₂)
• KaʻAnuʻu 3: Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana
o Centrifuge e hoʻokaʻawale i ka huahana, holoi 3-5 manawa me ka ethanol a me ka wai DI.
o Hoʻomaloʻo ma lalo o ka mānoanoa (60–80°C no 4–6 mau hola).
3. Nā Kūlana Kiʻi
• Hoʻomaka mua: 0.1-0.5 mol / L
• Mana pH: 9-11
• Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻāpana: Hoʻoponopono ma o ke ʻano solvent (e laʻa, hāʻawi ʻo EDA i nā nanowires;
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III. Nā Kaʻina Hana Hou ʻē aʻe
1. Hoʻomoe ʻana i ka mahu (CVD)
• Hoʻohana: Hoʻomākaukau kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi (e laʻa, nā pūnaewele lā).
• Nā mea mua: Diethylzinc (Zn(C₂H₅)₂) a me diethyltellurium (Te(C₂H₅)₂).
• Nā ʻāpana:
o Ka wela waiho ʻana: 350–450°C
o Ke kinoea lawe: H₂/Ar hui ʻia (ke kahe kahe: 50–100 sccm)
o Pumi: 10⁻²–10⁻³ Torr
2. Mechanical Alloying (Mili pōlele)
• Nā hiʻohiʻona: Solvent-free, haʻahaʻa-mehana synthesis.
• Nā ʻāpana:
o Lakiō poepoe i ka pauda: 10:1
o Ka manawa wili: 20–40 hola
ʻO ka māmā holo ʻana: 300–500 rpm
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IV. Hoʻoponopono maikaʻi a me ke ʻano
1. Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i ka maʻemaʻe: X-ray diffraction (XRD) no ka hana aniani (ka piko nui ma 2θ ≈25.3 °).
2. Ka mana o ka Morphology: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) no ka nui nanoparticle (maʻamau: 10-50 nm).
3. Lakiō kumu: Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) a i ʻole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) e hōʻoia i ka Zn ≈1:1.
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V. Nā Manaʻo palekana a me ke Kaiapuni
1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa kinoea ʻōpala: Hoʻopiha i ka H₂Te me nā haʻina alkaline (e laʻa, NaOH).
2. Hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe: E hana hou i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik (e laʻa, EDA) ma o ka distillation.
3. Nā hana pale: E hoʻohana i nā pale kinoea (no ka pale ʻana iā H₂Te) a me nā mīkina lima kū i ka ʻino.
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VI. Nā ʻenehana ʻenehana
• Hoʻohui ʻōmaʻomaʻo: E hoʻomohala i nā ʻōnaehana aqueous-phase e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka solvent organik.
• Hoʻololi Doping: Hoʻonui i ka conductivity ma ka doping me Cu, Ag, etc.
• Hana nui: Hoʻohana i nā reactors kahe mau e hoʻokō i nā pūʻulu kg-scale.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-21-2025