Tsabtace selenium mai tsafta (≥99.999%) ya ƙunshi haɗakar hanyoyin jiki da sinadarai don cire ƙazanta irin su Te, Pb, Fe, da As. Wadannan su ne matakai masu mahimmanci da sigogi:
1. Vacuum Distillation
Tsarin Tsari:
1. Sanya danyen selenium (≥99.9%) a cikin ma'auni na quartz a cikin tanderun distillation.
2. Gasa zuwa 300-500 ° C a ƙarƙashin injin (1-100 Pa) na minti 60-180.
3. Selenium tururi condenses a cikin wani mataki biyu condenser (ƙananan mataki tare da Pb / Cu barbashi, babba mataki na selenium tarin).
4. Tattara selenium daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa na sama;
Siga:
- Zazzabi: 300-500 ° C
- Matsi: 1-100 Pa
- Kayan Condenser: Quartz ko bakin karfe.
2. Sinadari Tsarkake + Tsabtace Wuta
Tsarin Tsari:
1. Konewar Oxidation: React danyen selenium (99.9%) tare da O₂ a 500 ° C don samar da iskar SeO₂ da TeO₂.
2. Maganin Ciki: Narkar da SeO₂ a cikin maganin ethanol-ruwa, tace fitar da TeO₂ hazo.
3. Ragewa: Yi amfani da hydrazine (N₂H₄) don rage SeO₂ zuwa selenium na asali.
4. Deep De-Te: Oxidize selenium sake zuwa SeO₄²⁻, sa'an nan cire Te ta amfani da sauran ƙarfi hakar.
5. Karshe Vacuum Distillation: Tsarkake selenium a 300-500 ° C da 1-100 Pa don cimma 6N (99.9999%) mai tsabta.
Siga:
- zafin jiki na Oxidation: 500 ° C
- Tsarin Hydrazine: wuce gona da iri don tabbatar da cikakken raguwa.
3. Electrolytic tsarkakewa
Tsarin Tsari:
1. Yi amfani da electrolyte (misali, selenous acid) tare da yawan adadin yanzu na 5-10 A/dm².
2. Selenium adibas a kan cathode, yayin da selenium oxides volatilize a anode.
Siga:
Yawan yawa na yanzu: 5-10 A/dm²
- Electrolyte: Selenous acid ko selenate bayani.
4. Maganin Ciki
Tsarin Tsari:
1. Cire Se⁴⁺ daga maganin ta amfani da TBP (tributyl phosphate) ko TOA (trioctylamine) a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na hydrochloric ko sulfuric acid.
2. Cire da hado selenium, sa'an nan kuma recrystallize.
Siga:
- Mai cirewa: TBP (HCl matsakaici) ko TOA (H₂SO₄ matsakaici)
- Yawan matakai: 2-3.
5. Yanki Narke
Tsarin Tsari:
1. Maimaita yanki-narke selenium ingots don cire datti.
2. Ya dace don cimma> 5N tsarki daga kayan farawa mai tsabta.
Lura: Yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman kuma yana da ƙarfin kuzari.
Shawarar Hoto
Don tunani na gani, koma ga alkaluma masu zuwa daga wallafe-wallafe:
- Saitin Distillation Vacuum: Tsarin tsarin na'ura mai hawa biyu.
- Zane-zane na Se-Te: Yana kwatanta ƙalubalen rabuwa saboda rufe wuraren tafasa.
Magana
- Vacuum distillation da hanyoyin sinadarai:
- Electrolytic da sauran ƙarfi hakar:
- Nagartattun dabaru da kalubale:
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 21-2025